Does apple replant disease affect the soil patch selection behaviour and population growth of Collembolans?

Apple replant disease (ARD) is common to all major apple-growing regions in the world. It occurs when new apple trees are replanted on sites where previously same or closely related crop species were grown. Biotic (fungi, bacteria and nematodes) abiotic soil factors (poor structure, nutrition) contribute development severity of ARD. However, aetiology ARD effects higher trophic levels still unknown. In that sense, Collembola might play an important role, since they one dominant mesofauna groups many soils. They act as decomposer, fungivores predators, representing different food webs. Therefore, any effect occurrence could have ecological impacts quality health. Here, we examined colonization behaviour two Collembolan species, Folsomia candida Sinella curviseta, choice tests population growth using Replant Diseased non-ARD samples from field standardized laboratory bioassays. Additionally, was quantified by continuous video observations investigate short-term behavioural changes. Results showed both significantly preferred soils compared with soils, independent origin specific disinfection treatments. Moreover, detailed analysis foraging indicates rapid low dispersal rates. Most likely, volatile compounds a lesser extent feeding stimulants vital role for process species. Finally, results negative already after 8-week period, implying strong nutritional deficiencies affected The hypothesis causing microorganisms directly orientation, discussed.